Vaccine Antigen Discovery Service

Protective Antigens from Any Pathogen. Computationally Predicted, Experimentally Proven

Bring us your pathogen. We computationally mine its proteome for protective epitopes, validate them in challenge models, and deliver defined antigen candidates ready for vaccine development. Pathogen-agnostic. Species-agnostic.

Thousands of proteins. Which ones protect?

Discovering vaccine antigens by empirical screening is slow, expensive, and blind. A pathogen's proteome may encode thousands of open reading frames, but fewer than five typically confer protection. Finding them requires computational precision and experimental validation.

Empirical Antigen Discovery Is Slow and Blind

Whole-organism immunization followed by months of screening with no computational guidance, no structural insight, no rational prioritization. You test everything and hope something works.

Vast Proteomes, Vanishingly Few Protective Targets

Thousands of ORFs in a typical pathogen genome, but fewer than five induce protective immunity. Without systematic epitope prediction, you're looking for a needle in a haystack with no magnet.

Single-Strain Antigens Fail Against Variants

Antigens selected from a single reference strain break on antigenic drift. Without pan-genome analysis and cross-strain epitope conservation mapping, your vaccine may protect against the lab strain but not the field.

Epitope Definition Meets Immune Targeting

Our DIRECT platform integrates structural bioinformatics, pan-genome analysis, and iterative challenge validation into a single antigen discovery workflow, replacing empirical screening with defined, data-driven antigen selection.

1

Pathogen Proteome

Genome mining, ORF annotation, surface protein identification

We map every potential target in your pathogen

2

Epitope Definition

Structural modeling, B/T-cell prediction, conservation scoring

Computationally rank epitopes by protective potential

3

Immune Targeting

Immunization, challenge, correlate analysis, iterative refinement

Experimentally validate and refine until protection is proven

Structural bioinformatics identifies surface-exposed, conserved epitopes. Pan-genome analysis ensures cross-strain coverage. Challenge validation proves protection, not just immunogenicity.

Antigen Discovery Pipeline

A structured workflow from pathogen genome to validated lead antigens. Each node is a specific scientific activity with defined techniques and deliverables. Branch nodes show parallel activities alongside the main pipeline.

Modular by Design. Pick What You Need

Need just proteome mining and epitope prediction? Just antigen expression? Just challenge studies with your existing candidates? Engage for any set of nodes, or the full end-to-end discovery program. We scope to your pathogen and your timeline.

1

Pathogen Genomics & Proteome Mining

We start with your pathogen's genome, or we sequence it. Open reading frame identification, functional annotation, subcellular localization prediction, and pan-genome analysis across available strains to identify the core proteome that defines your target.

Techniques & Methods
ORF identification & annotation
Subcellular localization prediction
Pan-genome analysis (core vs. accessory)
Signal peptide & transmembrane domain mapping
Deliverables
Annotated proteomeCore genome mapSurface-exposed protein panel
2

Structural Bioinformatics & Epitope Prediction

For each candidate surface protein, we build structural models and predict B-cell epitopes, both linear and conformational. Surface accessibility scoring, disorder prediction, and variant mapping identify regions that are both immunogenic and conserved across strains.

Techniques & Methods
Homology modeling & AlphaFold2 structure prediction
Solvent-accessible surface area (SASA) analysis
B-cell epitope scoring (BepiPred, DiscoTope)
Antigenic variant mapping across strains
Deliverables
Structural modelsRanked epitope mapConservation heatmaps
2a

T-Cell Epitope Prediction

For vaccine programs requiring cellular immunity, we predict MHC-I and MHC-II binding peptides with population coverage analysis across HLA supertypes. Critical for intracellular pathogens and cancer vaccine applications.

Techniques & Methods
MHC-I binding prediction (NetMHCpan)
MHC-II binding prediction
Population coverage analysis (HLA supertypes)
Immunogenicity scoring
Deliverables
T-cell epitope panelPopulation coverage report
3

Candidate Antigen Panel Design

We integrate B-cell and T-cell epitope data with structural and conservation analyses to design a multi-epitope antigen panel. Typically 8–15 candidates optimized for cross-strain coverage, surface accessibility, and expression feasibility.

Techniques & Methods
Multi-epitope integration & ranking
Cross-strain coverage optimization
Expression feasibility assessment
Construct design (truncations, fusions, scaffolds)
Deliverables
8–15 candidate antigen panelConstruct designsPriority ranking
4

Recombinant Antigen Expression

We express your antigen panel recombinantly: codon-optimized, gene-synthesized, and produced in the expression system best suited to each construct. Purification to immunization-grade quality with full characterization.

Techniques & Methods
Codon optimization & gene synthesis
E. coli, baculovirus/Sf9, HEK293 expression
Affinity & SEC purification
SDS-PAGE, Western blot, endotoxin testing
Deliverables
Purified antigen panelQC data packagesExpression protocols
5

Immunization & Challenge Studies

We design and execute immunization protocols with your antigen panel: adjuvant selection, prime-boost scheduling, and comprehensive immune response profiling. For programs with challenge models, we validate protection directly.

Techniques & Methods
Adjuvant selection & formulation
Prime-boost protocol design
ELISA (total IgG, subclass, endpoint titer)
T-cell assays (ELISpot, flow cytometry)
Pathogen challenge & clinical scoring
Deliverables
Immune response profilesChallenge protection dataCorrelate analysis
5a

Immune Correlate Analysis

We analyze immune responses across protective and non-protective groups to identify correlates of protection: antibody titers, T-cell responses, mucosal IgA, and functional assay readouts that predict vaccine efficacy.

Techniques & Methods
Correlate of protection analysis
Mucosal IgA quantification
Regression modeling (immune response vs. protection)
Functional antibody assays (opsonization, neutralization)
Deliverables
Correlate of protection reportPredictive immune signatures
6

Iterative Refinement

Based on challenge results, we cycle back, comparing protective vs. non-protective antigens, updating computational predictions, and refining the candidate panel. This feedback loop is what separates defined antigen discovery from empirical screening.

Techniques & Methods
Protective vs. non-protective antigen comparison
Computational model refinement
Panel expansion or narrowing
Epitope re-ranking with experimental data
Deliverables
Refined antigen panelUpdated predictionsGo-forward recommendation
7

Lead Antigen Validation & Delivery Matching

Final lead antigens undergo powered challenge studies with statistical rigor, cross-strain validation against divergent isolates, and matching to the optimal delivery modality: saRNA, probiotic, DNA, or subunit formulation.

Techniques & Methods
Statistically powered challenge studies
Cross-strain/cross-isolate validation
Delivery modality selection
Stability & manufacturability assessment
Deliverables
Validated lead antigensCross-strain protection dataDelivery recommendation

Timeline Overview

Computational candidates in weeks, not months. Our pipeline delivers actionable results at every milestone.

1

Proteome Mining

Genomics, annotation, structural modeling

Wk 1–4
2

Epitope Prediction

Computational analysis & panel design

Wk 3–8
3

Antigen Expression

Recombinant production & QC

Wk 6–14
4

Immunization & Challenge

Animal studies & protection data

Wk 12–28
5

Refinement & Validation

Iterative improvement & lead confirmation

Wk 26–36+

Computational candidates in 8 weeks, first challenge data by Week 28, full program with iterative refinement in 36 weeks.

Technical Capabilities

End-to-end vaccine antigen discovery infrastructure, from genome to validated antigen.

Structural Bioinformatics

AlphaFold2 and homology modeling for structure prediction. Disorder analysis, solvent-accessible surface area mapping, and B-cell epitope scoring from 3D structures.

Epitope Prediction Algorithms

BepiPred for linear B-cell epitopes, DiscoTope for conformational epitopes, NetMHCpan for T-cell binding, plus custom scoring integrating conservation and accessibility.

Recombinant Antigen Expression

E. coli, baculovirus/Sf9, and HEK293 expression systems. Codon optimization, gene synthesis, affinity purification, and SEC polishing to immunization-grade quality.

Challenge Model Development

Animal model selection, clinical endpoint design, statistical powering for challenge studies. We validate protection, not just immunogenicity.

Immune Response Profiling

ELISA (total IgG, subclass, endpoint titer), ELISpot, flow cytometry for T-cell responses, and mucosal IgA quantification. Full humoral and cellular immune readouts.

Pan-Genome & Variant Analysis

Core vs. accessory genome classification, epitope conservation scoring across strains, antigenic drift tracking, and cross-strain coverage optimization.

Delivery Platforms

Once we define your lead antigens, we match them to the optimal delivery modality. The platform choice is biology-driven: pathogen, route, and immune response profile determine the best fit.

In Development

Self-Amplifying RNA (saRNA)

LNP-formulated self-amplifying RNA. Strong humoral and cellular immune responses with lower dose requirements than conventional mRNA.

In Development

Recombinant Probiotic

Oral delivery via engineered probiotic strains. Mucosal immunity induction, no cold chain requirement, and natural adjuvant effects.

In Development

DNA Vaccine

Plasmid-based DNA vaccines. Thermostable, scalable manufacturing, and strong T-cell responses. Suitable for resource-limited settings.

In Development

Algal Expression

Microalgae-based antigen expression. GRAS organism, edible vaccine potential, low-cost production for global health applications.

Delivery Selection Is Biology-Driven

We recommend delivery platform selection as part of every antigen discovery program. The right modality depends on your pathogen, target species, desired immune response profile, and deployment context. We help you match biology to platform.

IP & Engagement Model

Your pathogen, your antigens, your vaccine. Our platform stays ours, available for your next pathogen program.

What You Own

Your pathogen, your antigens. Full IP rights to discovered candidates

  • All antigen sequences, expression constructs, and structural models
  • Challenge data, immune response profiles, and correlate analyses
  • Delivery-matched antigen formulations and manufacturing protocols
  • Freedom to develop, license, partner, or manufacture independently

Our Platform

Proprietary infrastructure powering reproducible antigen discovery

  • Epitope prediction algorithms and custom scoring models
  • Pan-genome analysis pipelines and variant tracking databases
  • Challenge model protocols and statistical analysis frameworks
  • Iterative refinement methodology and feedback loop architecture

Flexible Engagement Models

Fee-for-service, milestone-based, or co-development partnerships. We structure the engagement to match your pathogen, your pipeline stage, and your development timeline.

Integrated Services

Your vaccine antigen program connects directly to the broader NexysBio platform. Same team, same context, zero transfer delays.

Active

Nano-Drug Formulation

LNP and polymer nanoparticle formulation for antigen delivery, including saRNA encapsulation, subunit adjuvant formulations, and controlled-release antigen depots.

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Active

Antibody Engineering

Generate monoclonal antibodies against your discovered antigens for diagnostic, therapeutic, or correlate-of-protection applications.

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Active

Biomarker Discovery

Multi-omics immune biomarker profiling: host response signatures and correlates of protection feeding directly into vaccine development programs.

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Active

Enzyme & Protein Engineering

Engineered antigens with improved immunogenicity and stability. Recombinant production across E. coli, Pichia, insect, and mammalian systems.

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Active

Bio-Digital Solutions

Custom software built by scientists who understand your workflows, from data dashboards to regulatory-compliant systems.

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Coming Soon

Cell-Based Assay Services

Functional immune assays, neutralization testing, and cell-based readouts integrated directly into your vaccine discovery program.

Have a pathogen that needs a vaccine?

Let's design your antigen discovery program, from proteome mining through challenge validation. We'll scope the right combination of computational and experimental nodes for your pathogen and timeline.

Or email us directly at info@nexysbio.com